In construction, what does shotcrete refer to?

Shotcrete refers to a method of applying concrete where the material is sprayed onto a surface at high velocity. This technique is particularly useful for shaping and forming concrete structures in a controlled manner, making it ideal for applications like swimming pools, tunnels, and retaining walls. The process allows for a dense and cohesive layer of concrete to be produced quickly and efficiently, adhering well to various surfaces.

This method is advantageous because it can be applied at various angles and in challenging locations where traditional pouring methods might not be feasible. Additionally, shotcrete can be reinforced with steel or fibers, enhancing its structural integrity and durability.

The other options describe different forms or applications of concrete, but they do not encapsulate the unique spray application method that shotcrete represents. For instance, concrete mixture used for slabs refers to a different application method, while precast concrete panels are cast in a controlled environment before being transported and assembled on-site. Similarly, concrete used in foundations typically involves pouring directly into forms rather than spraying.