What is the maximum slope of a footing trench before stepping is required?

The maximum slope of a footing trench before stepping is required is typically 10%. This standard ensures that the sides of the trench remain stable and safe during excavation and the placement of concrete. Stepping the sides of a trench is a safety practice designed to prevent collapses, which can occur due to overly steep sidewalls.

When the slope exceeds this limit, the risk of soil slumping increases, and tailored measures such as stepping or shoring must be implemented to protect workers and maintain the integrity of the excavation site. Maintaining a slope of 10% or less is a common industry guideline based on both safety protocols and soil mechanics principles.